Translation is the final step of protein synthesis, in which the mRNA leaves the nucleus to make proteins.

The Players

Messenger RNA (mRNA)

Shows the structure of eukaryotic mRNA, pointing out all its components.

Modified figure 17.8, page 302, Campbell's Biology, 5th Edition

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Shows a two-dimensional view of tRNA, including the anticodon and amino acid attachment site. Shows the three-dimensional structure of tRNA as well as the symbol used to represent it in diagrams.

Figure 17.12, page 305, Campbell's Biology, 5th Edition

Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase

Ribosome

Shows several views of the ribosome and how it creates polypeptides.

Figure 17.14, page 307, Campbell's Biology, 5th Edition

The Process

1. Initiation

Shows the process of initiation, step one of translation.

Figure 17.15, page 307, Campbell's Biology, 5th Edition

2. Elongation

Shows the process of elongation, step two of translation.

Figure 17.16, page 308, Campbell's Biology, 5th Edition

3. Termination

Shows the process of termination, step three of translation.

Figure 17.17, page 309, Campbell's Biology, 5th Edition

The End of Protein Synthesis!

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